Schwarz lemma on general domains via conformal maps

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Let ff be analytic in the closed unit disc, with f(−log⁡2)=0f(-\log 2) = 0 and ∣f(z)∣≤∣ez∣\left|f(z)\right| \leq \left|e^{z}\right| for all zz with ∣z∣=1\left|z\right| = 1. How large can ∣f(log⁡2)∣\left|f(\log 2)\right| be?

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Suppose that ff is analytic on the open upper half-plane and satisfies ∣f(z)∣≤1\left|f(z)\right| \leq 1 for all zz, f(i)=0f(i) = 0. How large can ∣f(2i)∣\left|f(2i)\right| be under these conditions?

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Let f(z)f(z) be analytic on the right half-plane H={z∣Re(z)>0}H = \left\{ z \mid \mathrm{Re}\left(z\right)>0\right\} and suppose ∣f(z)∣≤1\left|f(z)\right| \leq 1 for z∈Hz \in H. Suppose also that f(1)=0f(1) = 0. What is the largest possible value of ∣f′(1)∣\left|f'(1)\right|?

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(a)

Let f(z)f(z) be a complex-valued function of a complex variable. If both f(z)f(z) and zf(z)zf(z) are harmonic in a domain Ω\Omega, prove that ff is analytic there.

(b)

Suppose that ff is analytic with ∣f(z)∣<1\left|f(z)\right| < 1 in ∣z∣<1\left|z\right| < 1 and that f(±a)=0f(\pm a) = 0 where aa is a complex number with 0<∣a∣<10 < \left|a\right| < 1. Show that ∣f(0)∣≤a2\left|f(0)\right| \leq a^2. What can you conclude if this holds with equality.

(c)

Determine all entire functions ff such that ∣f′(z)∣<∣f(z)∣\left|f'(z)\right| < \left|f(z)\right|.

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(a)

Find a function ff that conformally maps the region {z:∣arg⁡z∣<1}\left\{ z : \left|\arg z\right| < 1\right\} one-to-one onto the region {w:∣w∣<1}\left\{ w : \left|w\right| < 1\right\}. Show that the function you have found satisfies the required conditions.

(b)

Is it possible to require that f(1)=0f(1) = 0 and f(2)=12f(2) = \frac{1}{2}? If yes, give an explicit map; if No, explain why not.

Suppose that w=f(z)w = f(z) maps a simply connected region GG one-to-one and conformally onto a circular disk DrD_r with center w=0w = 0, radius rr, such that f(a)=0f(a) = 0 and ∣f′(a)∣=1\left|f'(a)\right| = 1 for some point a∈Ga \in G.

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(a)

Prove that the radius r=r(G,a)r = r(G,a) of DrD_r is uniquely determined by GG and aa.

(b)

Determine r(G,a)r(G,a) if GG is the region between the hyperbola xy=1xy = 1 (x>0,y>0x>0, y>0) and the positive axes, and if a=1+i2a = 1+\frac{i}{2}.

If f:D(0,1)={∣z∣<1}→Cf : D(0,1) = \left\{ \left|z\right| < 1\right\} \to \mathbb {C} is an analytic function which satisfies f(0)=0f(0) = 0, and if

∣Re(f(z))∣<1for all z∈D(0,1), \left|\mathrm{Re}\left(f(z)\right)\right| < 1 \quad \text{for all } z \in D(0,1),

prove that

∣f′(0)∣≤4π. \left|f'(0)\right| \leq \frac4\pi .
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Let Ω={z∈C;−1<\imz<1}\Omega = \left\{ z \in \mathbb {C}; -1 < \im z < 1\right\}, and let F\mathcal F be the family of all analytic functions f:Ω→Cf : \Omega \to \mathbb {C} such that ∣f∣<1\left|f\right| < 1 on Ω\Omega and f(0)=0f(0) = 0. Find

sup⁡f∈F∣f(1)∣. \sup _{f \in \mathcal F} \left|f(1)\right|.
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Let ff be an analytic function on D={z;∣z∣<1}D = \left\{ z; \left|z\right| < 1\right\} such that f(0)=1f(0) = 1, and suppose that ∣1+f(z)∣≤1+∣f(z)∣\left|1+f(z)\right| \leq 1 + \left|f(z)\right| whenever ∣z∣<1\left|z\right| < 1. Prove that ∣f′(0)∣≤4\left|f'(0)\right| \leq 4.

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Let PP be the set of holomorphic functions ff on the open unit disc so that (i) Both the real and imaginary parts of f(z)f(z) are positive for ∣z∣<1\left|z\right| < 1, (ii) f(0)=1+if(0) = 1+i. Let E={f(12):f∈P}E = \left\{ f(\frac12) : f \in P\right\}. Describe EE explicitly.

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Let Ω={z:∣z−4∣<4}\Omega = \left\{ z : \left|z-4\right| < 4\right\}. If F\mathcal F is the family of all analytic functions on Ω\Omega such that ∣f∣<1\left|f\right| < 1 in Ω\Omega and lim⁡w→∞f(w)=0\lim_{w \to \infty } f(w) = 0, find sup⁡f∈F∣f(8)∣\sup_{f \in \mathcal F} \left|f(8)\right|. Your answer should be an explicit number, and you should prove your assertion.

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We denote by z=φ(ζ)z=\varphi (\zeta ) and w=ψ(ζ)w=\psi (\zeta ) two schlicht maps of the unit disk ∣ζ∣<1\left|\zeta \right|<1 into the regions R\mathfrak {R} and S\mathfrak {S} of the zz- and ww-plane resp.; the images of the origin ζ=0\zeta =0 are the points z=z0z=z_{0} and w=w0w=w_{0} resp. In addition let 0<ϱ<10<\varrho <1 and r\mathfrak {r} and s\mathfrak {s} be the images of the disk ∣ζ∣≤ϱ\left|\zeta \right|\leq \varrho under the above mentioned maps. We assume that w=f(z)w=f(z) is a regular analytic function in R\mathfrak {R} the range of which belongs to S\mathfrak {S} and that f(z0)=w0f(z_{0})=w_{0}. Then f(z)f(z) assumes in the subdomain r\mathfrak {r} of R\mathfrak {R} values that belong to the subdomain s\mathfrak {s} of S\mathfrak {S}. These values are in the interior of s\mathfrak {s} unless f(z)f(z) is a schlicht function that maps the region R\mathfrak {R} onto the region S\mathfrak {S}.

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Let f(z)f(z) be a regular function with ∣\ref(z)∣<1\left|\re f(z)\right|<1 for ∣z∣<1\left|z\right|<1. If f(0)=0f(0)=0 the stronger inequality

∣\ref(z)∣≤4πarctan⁡∣z∣,0<∣z∣<1, \left|\re f(z)\right| \leq \frac{4}{\pi }\arctan \left|z\right|, \quad 0<\left|z\right|<1,

holds; in addition

∣\imf(z)∣≤2πlog⁡1+∣z∣1−∣z∣,0<∣z∣<1. \left|\im f(z)\right| \leq \frac{2}{\pi }\log \frac{1+\left|z\right|}{1-\left|z\right|}, \quad 0<\left|z\right|<1.

Equality occurs if and only if

f(z)=2πilog⁡1+eiαz1−eiαz,α real. f(z) = \frac{2}{\pi i}\log \frac{1+e^{i\alpha }z}{1-e^{i\alpha }z}, \quad \alpha \text{ real}.
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Suppose that the function f(z)f(z) is regular for ∣z∣<R\left|z\right|<R and that Δ\Delta denotes the oscillation of its real part in the disk, i.e.

∣\ref(z1)−\ref(z2)∣<Δ \left|\re f(z_{1})-\re f(z_{2})\right| < \Delta

for ∣z1∣<R\left|z_{1}\right|<R, ∣z2∣<R\left|z_{2}\right|<R. Then the oscillation of its real part in the smaller disk ∣z∣≤r\left|z\right|\leq r, r<Rr<R, is

∣\ref(z1)−\ref(z2)∣≤4Δπarctan⁡rR,∣z1∣≤r,  ∣z2∣≤r. \left|\re f(z_{1})-\re f(z_{2})\right| \leq \frac{4\Delta }{\pi }\arctan \frac{r}{R}, \quad \left|z_{1}\right|\leq r, \; \left|z_{2}\right|\leq r.

The oscillation of the imaginary part is restricted by the inequality

∣\imf(z1)−\imf(z2)∣≤2Δπlog⁡R+rR−r,∣z1∣≤r,  ∣z2∣≤r. \left|\im f(z_{1})-\im f(z_{2})\right| \leq \frac{2\Delta }{\pi }\log \frac{R+r}{R-r}, \quad \left|z_{1}\right|\leq r, \; \left|z_{2}\right|\leq r.
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We denote by T\mathfrak {T} the infinite region of the zz-plane that is symmetric with respect to the xx-axis and whose points are characterized by the inequalities

x>0,−k(x)<y<k(x), x>0, \quad -k(x)<y<k(x),

where k(x)k(x) is a positive and continuous function defined for x≥0x\geq 0. Then there exists a positive function h(x)h(x) that depends only on T\mathfrak {T} and has the following properties: If F(z)F(z) is regular in T\mathfrak {T} and bounded from below, ∣F(z)∣>c\left|F(z)\right|>c, then

log⁡∣F(x)∣h(x) \frac{\log \left|F(x)\right|}{h(x)}

is bounded from above as xx increases to infinity. (The theorem is particularly interesting when k(x)k(x) converges monotonically to 00; i.e.when the region T\mathfrak {T} is ``tapering''; whereas an analytic function can increase arbitrarily fast along a ray (Part IV, problem 180) the rate of increase is limited if the function grows to infinity in some properly chosen neighbourhood of the ray. The result can be formulated with reference to the points of the modular graph somewhat vaguely so: If none should fall below a certain minimum standard none may rise arbitrarily high.)

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Suppose f∈H(II+)f \in H\left(\mathrm{II}^{+}\right), where II+\mathrm{II}^{+}is the upper half plane, and ∣f∣≤1\left|f\right| \leq 1. How large can ∣f′(i)∣\left|f^{\prime }(i)\right| be? Find the extremal functions. (Compare the discussion in Sec. 12.5).

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Let Φ\Phi be the set of all f∈H(U)f \in H(U) such that 0<∣f(z)∣<10 < \left|f(z)\right| < 1 for z∈Uz \in U, and let Φc\Phi_{c} be the set of all f∈Φf \in \Phi that have f(0)=cf(0) = c. Define

M(c)=sup⁡{∣f′(0)∣:f∈Φc},M=sup⁡{∣f′(0)∣:f∈Φ} M(c) = \sup \left\{ \left|f^{\prime }(0)\right|: f \in \Phi _{c}\right\} , \quad M = \sup \left\{ \left|f^{\prime }(0)\right|: f \in \Phi \right\}

Find MM, and M(c)M(c) for 0<c<10 < c < 1. Find an f∈Φf \in \Phi with f′(0)=Mf^{\prime }(0) = M, or prove that there is no such ff. Suggestion: log⁡f\log f maps UU into the left half plane. Compose log⁡f\log f with a properly chosen map that takes this half plane to UU. Apply the Schwarz lemma.

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Suppose ff and gg are holomorphic mappings of UU into Ω,f\Omega , f is one-to-one, f(U)=Ωf(U) = \Omega, and f(0)=g(0)f(0) = g(0). Prove that

g(D(0;r))⊂f(D(0;r))(0<r<1) g(D(0 ; r)) \subset f(D(0 ; r)) \quad (0 < r < 1)
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Let the function f(z)f(z) be regular in the strip ∣Re(z)∣<π/4\left|\mathrm{Re}\left(z\right)\right| < \pi / 4, satisfy there the inequality ∣f(z)∣<1\left|f(z)\right| < 1, and vanish at the point z=0z = 0. Prove that ∣f(z)∣⩽∣tg⁡z∣\left|f(z)\right| \leqslant \left|\operatorname {tg} z\right| in this strip.

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