Montel's theorem

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(Compactness principle, P. Montel, 1910). Prove that a set MM in the space A(D)\mathcal{A}(D) is precompact if and only if it is bounded in the space A(D)\mathcal{A}(D) (i.e., sup⁡{∣f(z)∣:f∈M,z∈Q}<∞\sup \left\{ \left|f(z)\right|: f \in M, z \in Q\right\} < \infty for every compact set Q⊂DQ \subset D).

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Is the set of analytic functions precompact in the space C1[0,1]C^{1}[0,1]

M={x(t)∈C1[0,1]:∥x∥C1<1,x(t)=∑k=0∞aktk} M = \left\{ x(t) \in C^{1}[0,1]:\left\| x\right\| _{C^{1}} < 1, x(t) = \sum _{k = 0}^{\infty } a_{k} t^{k}\right\}

where the series converges in a disk D⊂CD \subset \mathbb {C} containing [0,1][0,1]?

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Which of the following families are normal, and which is compact? Justify your answers.

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(a)

F={f:f is analytic in D, f(0)=0, diam⁡f(D)≤2}\mathcal F = \left\{ f : f \text{ is analytic in } D, \ f(0)=0, \ \operatorname {diam} f(D) \leq 2\right\}

(b)

G={g:g is analytic in D, g(0)=1, \re{g}>0, diam⁡g(D)≥1}\mathcal G = \left\{ g : g \text{ is analytic in } D, \ g(0)=1, \ \re \left\{ g\right\} > 0, \ \operatorname {diam} g(D) \geq 1\right\}.

Here the diameter of a set SS is diam⁡S=sup⁡{∣z−ζ∣:z,ζ∈S}\operatorname {diam} S = \sup \left\{ \left|z-\zeta \right| : z,\zeta \in S\right\}.

Suppose that 1<p<∞1<p<\infty and c>0c>0 is a real number. Let F\mathcal F be the set of all analytic functions ff on {∣z∣<1}\left\{ \left|z\right|<1\right\} such that

sup⁡0<r<1∫02π∣f(reiθ)∣p dθ≤c. \sup _{0<r<1} \int _0^{2\pi } \left|f(re^{i\theta })\right|^p\, d\theta \leq c.

Show that F\mathcal F is a normal family.

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State whether the following statement is True or False, and prove your assertion.

For each positive integer nn there exists an entire function fnf_n such that

max⁡1≤∣z∣≤2∣\refn(z)−log⁡∣z∣∣<1n. \max _{1\leq \left|z\right|\leq 2} \left|\re f_n(z) - \log \left|z\right|\right| < \frac1n.
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Let G=D∖(−1,0]G = D \setminus (-1,0], where D={z:∣z∣<1}D = \left\{ z:\left|z\right|<1\right\}.

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(a)

Give a single-valued definition for ziz^i in GG.

(b)

Why should there exist a sequence of polynomials PnP_n such that

lim⁡n→∞Pn(z)=zi \lim _{n\to \infty } P_n(z) = z^i

for all zz in GG?

(c)

Can the polynomials be chosen so that there exists a constant MM with ∣Pn(z)∣≤M\left|P_n(z)\right|\leq M for all z∈Gz \in G and all nn? Justify your answer.

Let F\mathcal F denote the family of functions f(z)=∑n=0∞anznf(z) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty } a_n z^n which are holomorphic in the unit disk DD and satisfy ∣an∣≤n\left|a_n\right| \leq n for n=0,1,2,…n=0,1,2,\ldots. Prove that any sequence in F\mathcal F has a subsequence which converges uniformly on compact subsets of DD.

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Let F\mathscr {F} be the class of all f∈H(U)f \in H(U) such that Re(f)>0\mathrm{Re}\left(f\right) > 0 and f(0)=1f(0) = 1. Show that F\mathscr {F} is a normal family. Can the condition " f(0)=1f(0) = 1 " be omitted? Can it be replaced by " ∣f(0)∣≤1\left|f(0)\right| \leq 1 "?

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Let F\mathscr {F} be the class of all f∈H(U)f \in H(U) for which

∬U∣f(z)∣2dxdy≤1 \iint _{U}\left|f(z)\right|^{2} d x d y \leq 1

Is this a normal family?

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Problem 2.14.29 from Rudin W. "Real and Complex Analysis" [Rud87]More problems in Chapter 2.14 "Conformal Mapping"

Suppose Ω\Omega is a bounded region, a∈Ω,f∈H(Ω),f(Ω)⊂Ωa \in \Omega , f \in H(\Omega ), f(\Omega ) \subset \Omega, and f(a)=af(a) = a.

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(a)

Put f1=ff_{1} = f and fn=f∘fn−1f_{n} = f \circ f_{n-1}, compute fn′(a)f_{n}^{\prime }(a), and conclude that ∣f′(a)∣≤1\left|f^{\prime }(a)\right| \leq 1.

(b)

If f′(a)=1f^{\prime }(a) = 1, prove that f(z)=zf(z) = z for all z∈Ωz \in \Omega. Hint: If

f(z)=z+cm(z−a)m+⋯ f(z) = z+c_{m}(z-a)^{m}+\cdots

compute the coefficient of (z−a)m(z-a)^{m} in the expansion of fn(z)f_{n}(z).

(c)

If ∣f′(a)∣=1\left|f^{\prime }(a)\right| = 1, prove that ff is one-to-one and that f(Ω)=Ωf(\Omega ) = \Omega.

Hint: If γ=f′(a)\gamma = f^{\prime }(a), there are integers nk→∞n_{k} \rightarrow \infty such that γnk→1\gamma^{n_{k}} \rightarrow 1 and fnk→gf_{n_{k}} \rightarrow g. Then g′(a)=1g^{\prime }(a) = 1, g(Ω)⊂Ωg(\Omega ) \subset \Omega (by Exercise 20, Chap. 10), hence g(z)=zg(z) = z, by part (b). Use gg to draw the desired conclusions about ff.

Suppose Ω\Omega is a region, p∈Ω,R<∞p \in \Omega , R < \infty. Let F\mathscr {F} be the class of all f∈H(Ω)f \in H(\Omega ) such that ∣f(p)∣≤R\left|f(p)\right| \leq R and f(Ω)f(\Omega ) contains neither 0 nor 1. Prove that F\mathscr {F} is a normal family.

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Let the functions fn(z),n=1,2,…f_{n}(z), \quad n = 1,2, \ldots, be regular in the disk ∣z∣<1\left|z\right| < 1 and satisfy the conditions

∣fn(z)∣⩽M(1−∣z∣)−m(∣z∣<1,n=1,2,…), \left|f_{n}(z)\right| \leqslant M(1-\left|z\right|)^{-m} \quad (\left|z\right| < 1, n = 1,2, \ldots ),

where the numbers MM and mm do not depend on nn. Prove that from the sequence {fn(z)}\left\{ f_{n}(z)\right\} one can select a subsequence {fnk(z)}\left\{ f_{n_{k}}(z)\right\} converging uniformly on every compact subset of the disk ∣z∣<1\left|z\right| < 1.

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Let the boundary ∂D\partial D of a bounded domain DD consist of a finite number of simple piecewise-smooth curves, and let functions φn(ζ)\varphi_{n}(\zeta ) be defined and continuous on ∂D\partial D. Prove that if the sequence {φn(ζ)}\left\{ \varphi_{n}(\zeta )\right\} is uniformly bounded on ∂D\partial D, then from the sequence of functions {fn(z)}\left\{ f_{n}(z)\right\},

fn(z)=12πi∫∂Dφn(ζ)(ζ−z)mdζ f_{n}(z) = \frac{1}{2 \pi i} \int _{\partial D} \frac{\varphi _{n}(\zeta )}{(\zeta -z)^{m}} d \zeta

(mm a fixed integer) one can extract a subsequence {fnk(z)}\left\{ f_{n_{k}}(z)\right\} converging uniformly on every compact subset of the domain DD.

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Let the functions fn(z),n=1,2,…f_{n}(z), \quad n = 1,2, \ldots, be regular in a domain DD and satisfy the conditions Re(fn(z))⩾0(z∈D,n=1,2,…)\mathrm{Re}\left(f_{n}(z)\right) \geqslant 0 \quad (z \in D, n = 1,2, \ldots ). Prove that from the sequence {fn(z)}\left\{ f_{n}(z)\right\} one can extract a subsequence {fnk(z)}\left\{ f_{n_{k}}(z)\right\} converging uniformly on every compact subset of the domain DD (possibly to infinity).

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Let the functions un(x,y),n=1,2,…u_{n}(x, y), n = 1,2, \ldots, be harmonic in a domain DD and satisfy the conditions

∣un(x,y)∣⩽M((x,y)∈D,n=1,2,…). \left|u_{n}(x, y)\right| \leqslant M \quad ((x, y) \in D, n = 1,2, \ldots ).

Prove that from the sequence {un(x,y)}\left\{ u_{n}(x, y)\right\} one can extract a subsequence {unk(x,y)}\left\{ u_{n_{k}}(x, y)\right\} converging uniformly on every compact subset of the domain DD.

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Let the functions fn(z),n=1,2,…f_{n}(z), \quad n = 1,2, \ldots, be regular in a domain DD, not vanish in this domain, and satisfy the inequalities

∣fn(z)∣⩽Mn(z∈D,n=1,2,…) \left|f_{n}(z)\right| \leqslant M^{n} \quad (z \in D, n = 1,2, \ldots )

(the constant MM does not depend on nn). Prove that from the sequence {∣fn(z)∣n}\left\{ \sqrt[n]{\left|f_{n}(z)\right|}\right\} one can extract a subsequence converging uniformly on every compact subset of the domain DD to a function ∣g(z)∣\left|g(z)\right|, where g(z)g(z) is a function regular in the domain DD.

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References

[БСШ17] Бородин П.А., Савчук А.М., Шейпак И.А. Задачи по функциональному анализу. МЦНМО, 2017.
[CJP+11] Chen J., Jiang G., Pan Y., Qin T., Tong Y., Wu Q., Xu S., Li T. Problems and Solutions in Mathematics. 2nd ed., World Scientific, 2011.
[Rud87] Rudin W. Real and Complex Analysis. 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, 1987.
[ШПК15] Шабунин М.И., Половинкин Е.С., Карлов М.И. Сборник задач по теории функций комплексного переменного. 4-е изд., БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2015.