Section 21.3

The Construction of Radon Measures

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Problem 21.27

Let (X,TX, \mathcal{T}) be a Hausdorff topological space. Show that T\mathcal{T} is a semi-ring if and only if T\mathcal{T} is the discrete topology.

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Problem 21.28

Let (X,T)(X, \mathcal{T}) be a topological space and μ:T→[0,∞]\mu : \mathcal{T} \rightarrow [0, \infty ] a premeasure. Assume that if O\mathcal{O} is open and μ(O)<∞\mu (\mathcal{O}) < \infty, then μ(bd⁡O)=0\mu (\operatorname {bd} \mathcal{O}) = 0. Show that every open set is μ∗\mu^{*}-measurable.

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Problem 21.29

Show that the restriction of Lebesgue measure on the real line to the Borel σ\sigma-algebra is a Radon measure.

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Problem 21.30

Show that the restriction of Lebesgue measure on the Euclidean space Rn\mathbb {R}^{n} to the Borel σ\sigma-algebra is a Radon measure.

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Problem 21.31

Show that a Dirac delta measure on a topological space is a Radon measure.

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Problem 21.32

Let XX be an uncountable set with the discrete topology and {xk}1≤k<∞\left\{ x_{k}\right\}_{1 \leq k < \infty } a countable subset of XX. For E⊆XE \subseteq X, define

μ(E)=∑{n∣xn∈E}2−n. \mu (E) = \sum _{\left\{ n \mid x_{n} \in E\right\} } 2^{-n} .

Show that 2X=B(X)2^{X} = \mathcal{B}(X) and μ:B(X)→\mu : \mathcal{B}(X) \rightarrow is a Radon measure.

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Problem 21.33

Show that the sum of two Radon measures also is Radon.

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Problem 21.34

Let μ\mu and ν\nu be Borel measures on B(X)\mathcal{B}(X), where XX is a compact topological space, and suppose that μ\mu is absolutely continuous with respect to ν\nu. If ν\nu is Radon show that μ\mu also is Radon.

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Problem 21.35

Let (X,T)(X, \mathcal{T}) be a locally compact, Hausdorff space and μ:T→[0,∞]\mu : \mathcal{T} \rightarrow [0, \infty ] a premeasure for which the restriction to B(X)\mathcal{B}(X) of μ∗\mu^{*} is a Radon measure. Show that μ\mu is a Radon premeasure.

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Problem 21.36

Let XX be a locally compact, Hausdorff space and μ:B(X)→[0,∞]\mu : \mathcal{B}(X) \rightarrow [0, \infty ] a Radon measure. Show that any Borel set EE of finite measure is inner regular in the sense that

μ(E)=sup⁡{μ(K)∣K⊆E,K compact } \mu (E) = \sup \left\{ \mu (K) \mid K \subseteq E, K \text{ compact }\right\}

Conclude that if μ\mu is σ\sigma-finite, then every Borel set is inner regular.

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Problem 21.37

Let XX be a topological space, μ:B(X)→[0,∞]\mu : \mathcal{B}(X) \rightarrow [0, \infty ] a σ\sigma-finite Radon measure, and E⊆XE \subseteq X a Borel set. Show that there is a GδG_{\delta } subset AA of XX and an FσF_{\sigma } subset BB of XX for which

A⊆E⊆B and μ(B∼E)=μ(E∼A)=0. A \subseteq E \subseteq B \text{ and } \mu (B \sim E) = \mu (E \sim A) = 0.
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Problem 21.38

For a metric space XX, show that B(X)\mathcal{B}(X) is the smallest σ\sigma-algebra with respect to which all of the continuous real-valued functions on XX are measurable.

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