Section 8.3

Weak Sequential Convergence in LpL^{p}

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Problem 8.24

Characterize the bounded linear functionals on Euclidean space Rn\mathbb {R}^{n}. Show that for a sequence in Rn\mathbb {R}^{n}, the concepts of strong convergence, weak convergence, and componentwise convergence are the same.

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Problem 8.25

For 1≤p<∞1 \leq p < \infty, assume that both {fn}→h\left\{ f_{n}\right\} \rightarrow h and {fn}→g\left\{ f_{n}\right\} \rightarrow g weakly Lp(E)L^{p}(E). Show that g=hg = h.

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Problem 8.26

For 1≤p≤∞1 \leq p \leq \infty, and qq the conjugate of pp, assume that {fn}→f\left\{ f_{n}\right\} \rightarrow f weakly in Lp(E)L^{p}(E) and {gn}→g\left\{ g_{n}\right\} \rightarrow g strongly in Lq(E)L^{q}(E). Show that

lim⁡n→∞∫Efn⋅gndm=∫Ef⋅gdm \lim _{n \rightarrow \infty } \int _{E} f_{n} \cdot g_{n} d m = \int _{E} f \cdot g d m
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Problem 8.27

At what point does the proof of Theorem 14 fail in the case p=1p = 1 and also in the case p=∞p = \infty.

Theorem 14: If 1≤p<∞1 \leq p < \infty, then every bounded sequence in Lp(E)L^{p}(E) has a subsequence that converges weakly to a function in Lp(E)L^{p}(E).

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Problem 8.28

Show that if a sequence in C[a,b]C[a, b] converges weakly then it converges pointwise. Find a bounded sequence C[a,b]C[a, b] that fails to have any weakly convergent subsequence.

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Problem 8.29

Verify the assertions made regarding the convergence of the Radamacher functions.

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Problem 8.30

If {fn}→f\left\{ f_{n}\right\} \rightarrow f weakly in L∞[a,b]L^{\infty }[a, b], show that

lim⁡n→∞∫axfndm=∫axfdm for all x∈[a,b] \lim _{n \rightarrow \infty } \int _{a}^{x} f_{n} d m = \int _{a}^{x} f d m \text{ for all } x \in [a, b]
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Problem 8.31

Fix real numbers α\alpha and β\beta. For each natural numbers kk and nn, consider the step-function fnf_{n} defined on I=[0,1]I = [0,1] by

fn(x)=(1−(−1)k)α/2+(1+(−1)k)β/2 for k/2n≤x<(k+1)/2n,0≤k<2n−1. f_{n}(x) = \left(1-(-1)^{k}\right) \alpha / 2+\left(1+(-1)^{k}\right) \beta / 2 \text{ for } k / 2^{n} \leq x < (k+1) / 2^{n}, 0 \leq k < 2^{n}-1.

Show that {fn}\left\{ f_{n}\right\} converges weakly in L2(I)L^{2}(I) to the constant function that takes the value (α+β)/2(\alpha +\beta ) / 2. For α≠β\alpha \neq \beta, show that no subsequence of {fn}\left\{ f_{n}\right\} converges strongly in L2(I)L^{2}(I).

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Problem 8.32

Show that {fn}→f\left\{ f_{n}\right\} \rightarrow f strongly in L2(E)L^{2}(E) if and only {fn}→f\left\{ f_{n}\right\} \rightarrow f weakly in L2(E)L^{2}(E) and {∥fn∥2}→∥f∥2\left\{ \left\| f_{n}\right\|_{2}\right\} \rightarrow \left\| f\right\|_{2}.

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Problem 8.33

Use Problem 20 to show that, for 1≤p<∞1 \leq p < \infty, a bounded sequence in ℓp\ell^{p} converges weakly if and only if it converges componentwise.

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