Section III.2

Linear Operators on Normed Spaces

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Problem III.2.1

Show that for B(X,F)≠(0)\mathcal{B}(\mathcal{X}, \mathbb {F}) \neq (0), B(X,Y)\mathcal{B}(\mathcal{X}, \mathcal{Y}) is a Banach space if and only if Y\mathcal{Y} is a Banach space.

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Problem III.2.2

Let X\mathcal{X} be a normed space, let Y\mathcal{Y} be a Banach space, and let X^\hat{\mathcal{X}} be the completion of X\mathcal{X}. Show that if ρ:B(X^,Y)→B(X,Y)\rho : \mathcal{B}(\hat{\mathcal{X}}, \mathcal{Y}) \to \mathcal{B}(\mathcal{X}, \mathcal{Y}) is defined by ρ(A)=A∣X\rho (A) = A|\mathcal{X}, then ρ\rho is an isometric isomorphism.

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Problem III.2.3

If (X,Ω,μ)(X, \Omega , \mu ) is a σ\sigma-finite measure space, ϕ:X→F\phi : X \to \mathbb {F} is an Ω\Omega-measurable function, 1≤p≤∞1 \leq p \leq \infty, and ϕf∈Lp(μ)\phi f \in L^p(\mu ) whenever f∈Lp(μ)f \in L^p(\mu ), then show that ϕ∈L∞(μ)\phi \in L^\infty (\mu ).

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Problem III.2.4

Verify the statements in Example 2.2: if (X,Ω,μ)(X, \Omega , \mu ) is a σ\sigma-finite measure space and ϕ∈L∞(X,Ω,μ)\phi \in L^\infty (X, \Omega , \mu ), define Mϕ:Lp(X,Ω,μ)→Lp(X,Ω,μ)M_\phi : L^p(X, \Omega , \mu ) \to L^p(X, \Omega , \mu ), 1≤p≤∞1 \leq p \leq \infty, by Mϕf=ϕfM_\phi f = \phi f for all ff in Lp(X,Ω,μ)L^p(X, \Omega , \mu ). Then Mϕ∈B(Lp(X,Ω,μ))M_\phi \in \mathcal{B}(L^p(X, \Omega , \mu )) and ∥Mϕ∥=∥ϕ∥∞\left\| M_\phi \right\| = \left\| \phi \right\|_{\infty }.

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Problem III.2.5

Verify the statements in Example 2.3: if (X,Ω,μ)(X, \Omega , \mu ), kk, c1c_1, and c2c_2 are as in Example II.1.6 and 1≤p≤∞1 \leq p \leq \infty, then K:Lp(μ)→Lp(μ)K : L^p(\mu ) \to L^p(\mu ), defined by

(Kf)(x)=∫k(x,y)f(y) dμ(y) (Kf)(x) = \int k(x,y) f(y) \, d\mu (y)

for all ff in Lp(μ)L^p(\mu ) and xx in XX, is a bounded operator on Lp(μ)L^p(\mu ) and ∥K∥≤c11/qc21/p\left\| K\right\| \leq c_1^{1/q} c_2^{1/p}, where 1/p+1/q=11/p + 1/q = 1.

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Problem III.2.6

Verify the statements in Example 2.4: if XX and YY are compact spaces and τ:Y→X\tau : Y \to X is a continuous map, define A:C(X)→C(Y)A : C(X) \to C(Y) by (Af)(y)=f(τ(y))(Af)(y) = f(\tau (y)). Then A∈B(C(X),C(Y))A \in \mathcal{B}(C(X), C(Y)) and ∥A∥=1\left\| A\right\| = 1.

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Problem III.2.7

Let AA and τ\tau be as in Example 2.4: XX and YY are compact spaces, τ:Y→X\tau : Y \to X is a continuous map, and A:C(X)→C(Y)A : C(X) \to C(Y) is defined by (Af)(y)=f(τ(y))(Af)(y) = f(\tau (y)).

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(a)

Give necessary and sufficient conditions on τ\tau that AA be injective.

(b)

Give such a condition that AA be surjective.

(c)

Give such a condition that AA be an isometry.

(d)

If X=YX = Y, show that A2=AA^2 = A if and only if τ\tau is a retraction.

Problem III.2.8
(a)
(b)
(c)