Section I.6

The Direct Sum of Hilbert Spaces

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Problem I.6.1

Let {(Xi,Ωi,μi):i∈I}\left\{ (X_i, \Omega_i, \mu_i) : i \in I\right\} be a collection of measure spaces and define XX, Ω\Omega, and μ\mu as follows. Let X=X = the disjoint union of {Xi:i∈I}\left\{ X_i : i \in I\right\} and let Ω={Δ⊆X:Δ∩Xi∈Ωi for all i}\Omega = \left\{ \Delta \subseteq X : \Delta \cap X_i \in \Omega_i \text{ for all } i\right\}. For Δ\Delta in Ω\Omega put μ(Δ)=∑iμi(Δ∩Xi)\mu (\Delta ) = \sum_i \mu_i(\Delta \cap X_i). Show that (X,Ω,μ)(X, \Omega , \mu ) is a measure space and L2(X,Ω,μ)L^2(X, \Omega , \mu ) is isomorphic to ⨁{L2(Xi,Ωi,μi):i∈I}\bigoplus \left\{ L^2(X_i, \Omega_i, \mu_i) : i \in I\right\}.

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Problem I.6.2

Let (X,Ω)(X, \Omega ) be a measurable space, let μ1,μ2\mu_1, \mu_2 be σ\sigma-finite measures defined on (X,Ω)(X, \Omega ), and put μ=μ1+μ2\mu = \mu_1 + \mu_2. Show that the map V:L2(X,Ω,μ)→L2(X,Ω,μ1)⊕L2(X,Ω,μ2)V : L^2(X, \Omega , \mu ) \to L^2(X, \Omega , \mu_1) \oplus L^2(X, \Omega , \mu_2) defined by Vf=f1⊕f2Vf = f_1 \oplus f_2, where fjf_j is the equivalence class of L2(X,Ω,μj)L^2(X, \Omega , \mu_j) corresponding to ff, is well defined, linear, and injective. Show that VV is an isomorphism iff μ1\mu_1 and μ2\mu_2 are mutually singular.

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