Order of convergence of iterative methods

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Using the method of tangents, construct a second-order iterative process for computing a\sqrt{a}.

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Prove that Newton's method (the method of tangents) has second order.

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Prove that the iterative formula xn+1=xn3+2axn3xn2+ax_{n+1} = \frac{x_{n}^{3}+2 a x_{n}}{3 x_{n}^{2}+a} for solving the equation x2=a,a>0x^{2} = a, a > 0, has third order.

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Using the expansion of the function by Taylor's formula up to second order, obtain an iterative formula for solving the equation f(x)=0f(x) = 0 and prove that it has third order:

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(1)

xn+1=xn−f(xn)f′(xn)(f′(xn))2−f(xn)f′′(xn)/2x_{n+1} = x_{n}-\frac{f\left(x_{n}\right) f^{\prime }\left(x_{n}\right)}{\left(f^{\prime }\left(x_{n}\right)\right)^{2}-f\left(x_{n}\right) f^{\prime \prime }\left(x_{n}\right) / 2};

(2)

xn+1=xn−f(xn)f′(xn)−f2(xn)f′′(xn)2(f′(xn))3x_{n+1} = x_{n}-\frac{f\left(x_{n}\right)}{f^{\prime }\left(x_{n}\right)}-\frac{f^{2}\left(x_{n}\right) f^{\prime \prime }\left(x_{n}\right)}{2\left(f^{\prime }\left(x_{n}\right)\right)^{3}} (Chebyshev's formula).

References

[ККЧ+03] Кудрявцев Л.Д., Кутасов А.Д., Чехлов В.И., Шабунин М.И. Предел. Непрерывность. Дифференцируемость. 2-е изд., ФИЗМАТЛИТ, 2003.