Packing-density bounds for a family of congruent planar figures

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By a T-shaped figure we mean the union of two mutually perpendicular segments, where the midpoint of one of them is an endpoint of the other. Estimate from above the number NN of pairwise disjoint T-shaped figures formed by segments of unit length and contained in a square of side aa.

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References

[МГЛ+04] Макаров Б.М., Голузина М.Г., Лодкин А.А., Подкорытов А.Н. Избранные задачи по вещественному анализу. 2-е изд., Невский Диалект; БХВ-Петербург, 2004.