PDEs satisfied by implicitly defined functions

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Prove that the function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) defined by the equation

Φ(x−az,y−bz)=0(1) \Phi (x-az, y-bz)=0 \tag {1}

[where Φ(u,v)\Phi (u,v) is an arbitrary differentiable function of the variables uu, vv, and aa and bb are constants] is a solution of the equation

a∂z∂x+b∂z∂y=1 a\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}+b\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=1

Describe the geometric nature of the surface (1).

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Prove that the function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) defined by the equation

Φ(x−x0z−z0,y−y0z−z0)=0(2) \Phi \left(\dfrac {x-x_{0}}{z-z_{0}}, \dfrac {y-y_{0}}{z-z_{0}}\right)=0 \tag {2}

[where Φ(u,v)\Phi (u,v) is an arbitrary differentiable function of the variables uu and vv] satisfies the equation

(x−x0)∂z∂x+(y−y0)∂z∂y=z−z0. (x-x_{0})\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}+(y-y_{0})\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=z-z_{0} .

Describe the geometric nature of the surface (2).

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Prove that the function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) defined by the equation

ax+by+cz=Φ(x2+y2+z2)(3) ax+by+cz=\Phi (x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}) \tag {3}

[where Φ(u)\Phi (u) is an arbitrary differentiable function of the variable uu, and aa, bb and cc are constants] satisfies the equation

(cy−bz)∂z∂x+(az−cx)∂z∂y=bx−ay. (cy-bz)\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}+(az-cx)\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=bx-ay .

Describe the geometric nature of the surface (3).

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The function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) is given by the equation

x2+y2+z2=yf(zy) x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}=yf\left(\dfrac {z}{y}\right)

Prove that:

(x2−y2−z2)∂z∂x+2xy∂z∂y=2xz. (x^{2}-y^{2}-z^{2})\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}+2xy\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=2xz .
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The function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) is given by the equation

F(x+zy−1,y+zx−1)=0 F(x+zy^{-1}, y+zx^{-1})=0

Prove that:

x∂z∂x+y∂z∂y=z−xy. x\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}+y\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=z-xy .
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Prove that the function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) defined by the system of equations

{xcos⁡α+ysin⁡α+ln⁡z=f(α),−xsin⁡α+ycos⁡α=f′(α) \begin{cases} x\cos \alpha +y\sin \alpha +\ln z=f(\alpha ) , \\ -x\sin \alpha +y\cos \alpha =f'(\alpha ) \end{cases}

[where α=α(x,y)\alpha =\alpha (x,y) is a parameter and f(α)f(\alpha ) is an arbitrary differentiable function] satisfies the equation

(∂z∂x)2+(∂z∂y)2=z2. \left(\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}\right)^{2}+\left(\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}\right)^{2}=z^{2} .
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Prove that the function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) given by the system of equations

{z=αx+yα+f(α),0=x−yα2+f′(α) \begin{cases} z=\alpha x+\dfrac {y}{\alpha }+f(\alpha ) , \\ 0=x-\dfrac {y}{\alpha ^{2}}+f'(\alpha ) \end{cases}

satisfies the equation

∂z∂x∂z∂y=1. \dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=1 .
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Prove that the function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) defined by the system of equations

{[z−f(α)]2=x2(y2−α2),[z−f(α)]f′(α)=αx2 \begin{cases} \left[z-f(\alpha )\right]^{2}=x^{2}(y^{2}-\alpha ^{2}) , \\ \left[z-f(\alpha )\right]f'(\alpha )=\alpha x^{2} \end{cases}

satisfies the equation

∂z∂x∂z∂y=xy. \dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}=xy .
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Prove that the function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) given by the system of equations

{z=αx+yφ(α)+ψ(α),0=x+yφ′(α)+ψ′(α) \begin{cases} z=\alpha x+y\varphi (\alpha )+\psi (\alpha ) , \\ 0=x+y\varphi '(\alpha )+\psi '(\alpha ) \end{cases}

satisfies the equation

∂2z∂x2∂2z∂y2−(∂2z∂x∂y)2=0. \dfrac {\partial ^{2}z}{\partial x^{2}}\dfrac {\partial ^{2}z}{\partial y^{2}}-\left(\dfrac {\partial ^{2}z}{\partial x \partial y}\right)^{2}=0 .
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Prove that the implicit function z=z(x,y)z=z(x,y) defined by the equation y=xφ(z)+ψ(z)y=x\varphi (z)+\psi (z) satisfies the equation

(∂z∂y)2∂2z∂x2−2∂z∂x∂z∂y∂2z∂x∂y+(∂z∂x)2∂2z∂y2=0. \left(\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}\right)^{2}\dfrac {\partial ^{2}z}{\partial x^{2}}-2\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial y}\dfrac {\partial ^{2}z}{\partial x \partial y}+\left(\dfrac {\partial z}{\partial x}\right)^{2}\dfrac {\partial ^{2}z}{\partial y^{2}}=0 .
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Prove that if the equation f(x2+y2+z2)=ax+yb+czf\left(x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}\right) = a x+y b+c z, where f(u)f(u) is a differentiable function and a,b,ca, b, c are constants, defines a differentiable function z(x;y)z(x ; y), then it satisfies the equation

(cy−bz)∂z∂x+(az−cx)∂z∂y=bx−ay (c y-b z) \frac{\partial z}{\partial x}+(a z-c x) \frac{\partial z}{\partial y} = b x-a y
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Prove that if the equation yf(z/y)=x2+y2+z2y f(z / y) = x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}, where f(u)f(u) is a differentiable function, defines a differentiable function z(x;y)z(x ; y), then it satisfies the equation

(x2−y2−z2)∂z∂x+2xy∂z∂y=2xz \left(x^{2}-y^{2}-z^{2}\right) \frac{\partial z}{\partial x}+2 x y \frac{\partial z}{\partial y} = 2 x z
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Prove that if the equation f(x−az;y−bz)=0f(x-a z ; y-b z) = 0, where f(u;v)f(u ; v) is a differentiable function and a,ba, b are constants, defines a differentiable function z(x;y)z(x ; y), then it satisfies the equation

a∂z∂x+b∂z∂y=1 a \frac{\partial z}{\partial x}+b \frac{\partial z}{\partial y} = 1
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Prove that if the equation f(x−az−c;y−bz−c)=0f\left(\frac{x-a}{z-c} ; \frac{y-b}{z-c}\right) = 0, where f(u;v)f(u ; v) is a differentiable function and a,b,ca, b, c are constants, defines a differentiable function z(x;y)z(x ; y), then it satisfies the equation

(x−a)∂z∂x+(y−b)∂z∂y=z−c (x-a) \frac{\partial z}{\partial x}+(y-b) \frac{\partial z}{\partial y} = z-c
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Prove that if the equation f(x1xn;x2xn;…;xn−1xn;zxnα)=0f\left(\frac{x_{1}}{x_{n}} ; \frac{x_{2}}{x_{n}} ; \ldots ; \frac{x_{n-1}}{x_{n}} ; \frac{z}{x_{n}^{\alpha }}\right) = 0, where f(u1;u2;…;un)f\left(u_{1} ; u_{2} ; \ldots ; u_{n}\right) is a differentiable function and α\alpha is a constant, defines a differentiable function z(x1;x2;…;xn)z\left(x_{1} ; x_{2} ; \ldots ; x_{n}\right), then it satisfies the equation

∑k=1nxk∂z∂xk=αz \sum _{k = 1}^{n} x_{k} \frac{\partial z}{\partial x_{k}} = \alpha z
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Let the system of equations

(u−f(v))2=x2(y2−v2),(u−f(v))f′(v)=x2v (u-f(v))^{2} = x^{2}\left(y^{2}-v^{2}\right), \quad (u-f(v)) f^{\prime }(v) = x^{2} v

where f(v)f(v) is a twice differentiable function, define differentiable functions u(x;y)u(x ; y) and v(x;y)v(x ; y). Prove that

∂u∂x∂u∂y=xy \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} \frac{\partial u}{\partial y} = x y
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References

[Dem97] Demidovich B.P. Сборник задач и упражнений по математическому анализу. 13-е изд., Издательство Московского университета / Издательство "ЧеРо", 1997.
[ККЧ+03] Кудрявцев Л.Д., Кутасов А.Д., Чехлов В.И., Шабунин М.И. Функции многих переменных. 2-е изд., ФИЗМАТЛИТ, 2003.